Protractor and bevel



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. T. J. LUMIS.

PROTRAOTOR AND BEVEL.

Patented Nov; 6, 1894.

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TM T O R P Patented Nov. 6, 1894.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS J. LUMIS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

PROTRACTOR AND BEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,729, dated November 6,1894.

Application filed February 7, 1894:-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. LUMIs, a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Protractors and Bevels, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, whereby any one skilled in the art can make and use the same.

The object of my invention is to provide a try-square which shall be capable of use in laying out work and measuring the angular relation of lines and surfaces in comparatively confined spaces as well as free, and to also provide an implement in which the stock and blade are capable of a close degree of adj ustment without loosening the clamping screw.

To this end my invention consists in the details of the several parts making up thedevice as a whole and in the combination of such parts as more particularly hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a detail side view of the implement. Fig. 2 is adetail edge view of the same with apart broken away to show construction. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the stock with the cover plate removed to show the adjusting slides. Fig. 4 is a detail view in lengthwise section through the joint and parts appurtenant. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the severalparts making up the joint sepa-' rated. Fig. 6 is a detail side view of the bevel showing the removable protractor and illustrating the manner of its use. Fig. 7 is a detail edge view of the protractor. Fig. 8 is a detail side view of the bevel fitted with the auxiliary blade and illustrating one position. Fig. 9 is a detail side view of the protractor showing the auxiliary blade in use for measuring the angle of a piece of work in a close space. Fig. 10 is a view illustrating the method of using the bevel for testing the taperof a spindle.

'Inthe accompanying drawings the letter a denotes a stock made preferably of steel or like metal and in two parts lengthwise, the one forming a base piece a, and the other a cover platea a lengthwise slot or space a extending the greater part of the length of the stock. In a lengthwise socket in the base piece a adjusting slides b, b are located, the slides filling the socket width- Serial No.499.e24. (No model.)

wise and having a limited lengthwise movement in the socket. A pivot stud 0 forms the joint by means of which a blade 01 is pivotally supported at one end of the stock a, the blade being of a thickness substantially equalto the Width of the slot a The pivot stud 0 comprises a broad head 0', a squared portion a smaller in diameter than the head, and a threaded shank c, the head 0' being located in a pivot bearing in the base piece a of the stock. The squared portion 0 projects through the slot d in the blade (1 in which it fits snugly permitting the blade to have a sliding motion, however, lengthwise along the stud. A rocker-block econsisting of a thin disk of metal is located in the end of the socket in the base piece a, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, one side of the block being slabbed 0E and presenting a surface with which the ends of the adjusting slides 17, b may be held in contact by means of the adjusting screws b b This rocker-block is clamped between the shoulder above the squared portion of the pivot stud and the under surface of the nut f which is made preferably with a broad head fitting a recessed socket in the cover plate a the narrow portion projecting through'a socket substantially equal in diameter to the head of the stud and forming the pivot bearing of the studin this portion of the stock. The nut may be turned by any convenient means, as a spanner fitting holes in the surface of the nut. By tightening the nut the stud, the rocker-block and the blade "are firmly clamped together but are capable of a limited rocking movement on the pivot stud, depending upon the Zexgent of lengthwise movement of-the slides The function of the rocker block and the adjusting slide is to enable the angular position of the blade to be adjusted as by turning one of the feeding screws and moving the slide b forward, the'other slide 6' being free to move back at the'same time by a reverse movement of the adjusting screw appurtenant to that slide.

When the blade has been set in the desired position, as by means of a protractor g, the screws 12*, b are used to tighten the holdof the slides upon the rocker-block and the blade will'then be firmly held at the desired angle.

The protractor g is detachable an'dseparate from the stock, being made with a socket g in one surface and a thin segment or web 9 located on one side of the socket, the segment being provided with a graduated scale and extending from one arm of the protractor, a flange g along one side of the segment having a surface located at right angles to the surface g on the inner edge of the other arm forming one wall of the socket g.

To set the blade at by means of the protractor the segment g is thrust into the slot 0. until the corner of the flange g? strikes the edge of the stock, the blade at fitting snugly into the socket g. The blade is then swung to approximately the desired position and the nut then tightened to clamp the blade, the pivot stud, and the rocker block together. By means of the adjusting screws 12 b fine adjustment ofthe blade to the desired angle is secured, reading from the back of the stock where a part of the edge is preferably cut away to facilitate, its use for this purpose. The adjusting screws are turned up tight and the protractor slipped out of engagement with the stock, leaving the bevel or square set at the desired angle for use.

The blade d has a square corner d and a rounded corner d, the latter being adapted for use when the blade is to be set at an angle where a square corner would interfere with its proper use. The socket g in the P 'E W' O e tends completely across one arm so as to enable the blade (1 to be projected from both sides of thestock, as illustrated in dotted outline in Fig. 6, without interfering with the use of the protractor in setting the blade at an angle with the stock.

The rear ends. of the slides 13, b, are up; turned to afiord a suitable contact surface forthe adjusting screws and alsD to engage the shoulder a? on the cover piece so as to limit the extent of forward movement of the slide, the purpose of which is simply to pro;

vide forbut a comparatively small swinging movement of the blade on the pivot stud.

In order to adapt a bevel or like tool to a greater diversity of uses there is combined with it an auxiliary blade it having an arm h with its edges at right angles to the edges of the main portion of the blade. This auxiliary blade h is preferably clamped to the blade at by a clamp screw t which extends through the central slot in the blade d and th ug a n a slot k in the bla h, the broad head of thescrew overlying one of the blades and a utf ti g he hr aded end of the screw stud serving as the clamping means. blades together and permits a, lengthwise sliding movement of the tWQ blades on each other as well as a swinging movementin the plane of the blades.

When it d sired to measu e hean le. of taper of an article the blade h is set with one edge closelyin contact with the inner edge of the stock a, the short arm h overhanging This removably secures the two the endof the stock, the clamp of the ivot stud being loosened to permit the blade (Z to turn so that the two a jacent edges of the blade 61 and arm it can be placed in contact with the tapering surfaces. The blades are then fir nly clamped in this position and the protractor applied to measure the angle of divergence. i

In Fig. 8 the implement is shown with the blades set to measure an acute angle on a piece of work. The blades may be set to measure a greater taper as illustrated in Fig. IQ of the drawings.

If it is desired to set the two blades cl and h to the proper angle totest the backof the teeth on a bevel gear, the blade cl is extended beyond the end of the stock, the blade h clamped in place and a corner of the arm h set incontact with theouter edge of the blade d, as shown in Fig. 9, and the parts then applied to a gear. The angle can be measured by the protractor applied asindicated in dot ted outline in the figure.

The implement can be used as a caliper by setting the bladed at right angles to the stock (in the position as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings) the auxiliary blade being attached as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. The supplemental blade it may then he slid along the stock a the inner edge of theblade .in contact with the surface of the stock,

these edges being held in contact with the hand and as soon as the inner edge of the arm h is set at theproper distance from the outer edge of the bladed the auxiliary blade is clamped as by means of the clamp screw 13, the inner edgeof the arm 72, of the auxiliary blade hand the outer edge of the blade d serving as the measuring surfaces in calipering an article. The implement as a whole is adapted to a widerange of uses'and by the combination of the auxiliary blade with the other parts is made particularly useful.

I claim as my invention-r.-

1. In combination with a stock a, an adjustable blade pivoted to said stock and having a lengthwise movement along the pivot, and an auxiliary blade having an edge cooperating with one edge of the stock in a perm ssible adjustment of said blade, and an arm with its inner edge at right anglesto the edge of the main portion of the blade, said auxiliary blade beingsecured to the main blade and adjustable lengthwise along the same, all substantially as described.

2 In combination with astock having an adjustable blade, a separable protractor having arms at right angles to each other, a socket, and a graduated segment projecting from one of the arms, all substantially as de scribed.

3. In combination with astock and an adjustable blade pivotally secured thereto independently of the protractor, adetachable protractor having a bearing surface g at right-angles to the surface of the protractor, and the thin graduated segment with a shoulder along one side of the segment located at right-angles to the said bearing surface g all substantially as described.

4. In combination, a stock, a slotted blade pivoted to the stock, a pivot joint having a squared portion extending through a slot inthe blade, a rocker block fitted on the pivot, a nut adapted to clamp the blade and rocker block together, and an adjusting device comprising a slide and a screw mounted in the stock and adapted to thrust against the side of the rocker block, all substantially as described.

5. In combination, a stock, a slotted blade pivoted to the stock, and a pivot stud journaled in the stock and supporting between a shoulder on the stud and a nut a rocker block, adjusting slides located in sockets 'in the stock and on opposite sides of the central line of the stock, and adjusting screws appurtenant to each slide and adapted to thrust the latter against'the rocker block, all substantially as described.

6. In combination, a stock comprising a base piece and a cover plate with a lengthwise socket between the parts, a pivot stud having journal hearings in one end of the stock, the slotted blade supported on the pivot, and means for clamping it thereto, a rocker block adapted to be clamped to the pivot and blade, means for adjusting the rocker block and blade, and an auxiliary blade having an arm at right angles therewith and means for removably securing it to the slotted blade, all substantially as described.

THOMAS J. LUMIS. Witnesses:

CHAs. L. BURDETT, ARTHUR B. JENKINS. 

